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Conservation here, he asserts, is not merely about protecting “isolated spe­

cies” or a single environmental component. Instead, it fundamentally concerns

“more finely balanced systems that are deeply tied to cultural practices, hydro­

logical flows, and even geopolitical tensions”, especially given their proximity

“near the China border”. This intricate web demonstrates that environmental

challenges are rarely purely scientific; they are deeply human. This deep inter­

connectedness culminates in Arghya’s core philosophical stance on ecological

integrity: working in these wetlands taught him that “ecological integrity is not a

scientific variable. It’s a philosophical one”. This insight forms the bedrock of his

holistic perspective, compelling him to recognize that environmental issues are

inseparable from the intricate web of human history, local culture, and broader

geopolitical dynamics, consistently remaining central to his understanding of

ecosystems.

“Ecological integrity is not a scientific variable. It’s a

philosophical one.”